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“CORAL”
Windsong's Exotic Coral Reef

Pomeranian

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Registration

American Kennel Club (AKC): TS53418101

Genetic Breed Result

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Pomeranian

The Pomeranian is a cocky, animated companion with an extroverted personality.

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Health Summary

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CORAL inherited one variant that you should learn more about.

And one variant that you should tell your vet about.

Proportionate Dwarfism

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CORAL inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact CORAL’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. CORAL is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because she only has one copy of the variant.

Impact on Breeding

Your dog carries this variant and will pass it on to ~50% of her offspring. You can email breeders@embarkvet.com to discuss with a genetic counselor how the genotype results should be applied to a breeding program.

What is Proportionate Dwarfism?

Embark’s data suggests that this variant in the GH1 gene may contribute to a smaller body size. The original publication predicts this is due to a growth hormone (GH) deficiency. However, adult body size is influenced by several different genetic variants. Other changes noted by the publication, including retained baby teeth, persistent puppy-like coats, and low blood sugar have been occasionally reported by owners of dogs with two copies of this variant. These changes may or may not be associated with this variant.

ALT Activity

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CORAL inherited one copy of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

CORAL has one copy of a variant associated with reduced ALT activity as measured on veterinary blood chemistry panels. Please inform your veterinarian that CORAL has this genotype, as ALT is often used as an indicator of liver health and CORAL is likely to have a lower than average resting ALT activity. As such, an increase in CORAL’s ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Methemoglobinemia (CYB5R3)

Identified in Pomeranians

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, rcd3 (PDE6A)

Identified in Pomeranians

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones (SLC2A9)

Identified in Pomeranians

Oculocutaneous Albinism, OCA (SLC45A2, Small Breed Variant)

Identified in Pomeranians

Hereditary Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets (VDR)

Identified in Pomeranians

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through CORAL’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1d

Haplotype

A247

Map

A1d

Windsong's Exotic Coral Reef’s Haplogroup

This female lineage can be traced back about 15,000 years to some of the original Central Asian wolves that were domesticated into modern dogs. The early females that represent this lineage were likely taken into Eurasia, where they spread rapidly. As a result, many modern breed and village dogs from the Americas, Africa, through Asia and down into Oceania belong to this group! This widespread lineage is not limited to a select few breeds, but the majority of Rottweilers, Afghan Hounds and Wirehaired Pointing Griffons belong to it. It is also the most common female lineage among Papillons, Samoyeds and Jack Russell Terriers. Considering its occurrence in breeds as diverse as Afghan Hounds and Samoyeds, some of this is likely ancient variation. But because of its presence in many modern European breeds, much of its diversity likely can be attributed to much more recent breeding.

A247

Windsong's Exotic Coral Reef’s Haplotype

Part of the large A1d haplogroup, this common haplotype occurs in village dogs all over the world. Among the 32 breeds we have sampled it in, the most common occurrences include Boxers, Labrador Retrievers, and Papillons.

The vast majority of Rottweilers have the A1d haplogroup.

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that CORAL inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since CORAL is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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