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Willow

Mixed Ancestry

“She's obsessed with playing fetch, is very sweet and always happy. She's very confident but sensitive.”

Instagram tag
@whereswillow_

Place of Birth

Knoxville, Tennessee, USA

Current Location

New York, New York, USA

From

New York, NY, USA

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Genetic Breed Result

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Boxer

Developed in Germany, the Boxer is a popular family dog: patient, loyal and smart-requiring lots of exercise and proper training. For active families or owners looking for a rambunctious jogging buddy, Boxers may be the perfect breed. Boxers delight their humans with their sense of humor and affectionate nature.

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American Bulldog

American bulldogs are enjoying a healthy increase in popularity, either as a working/protector dog or as a family pet. All over the world, they are used variously as "hog dogs" (catching escaped pigs or hunting razorbacks), as cattle drovers and as working or sport K-9s. American Bulldogs also successfully compete in several dog sports such as dog obedience, Iron Dog competition and weight pulling.

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Staffordshire Terrier

Staffordshire Terriers, sometimes referred to as "pit bull" type, are intelligent and trainable dogs. They can have a lot of energy and are often great canine athletes!

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Catahoula Leopard Dog

The Catahoula Leopard Dog is an American working breed with origins in Louisiana. These guys come in a patchwork of colors and patterns, giving them their trademark look. They are primarily a working dog, but can make good companions with intensive socialization from an early age.

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English Setter

English Setters are beautiful bird dogs that have been charished by royalty and other dignitaries for hundreds of years. It is said that they are the friendliest of all the setter breeds. These dogs love being around people and make wonderful companions.

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Dogs Like Willow

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Discover dogs who share a similar breed mix to Willow. A higher score means the two dogs have more of their breed mix in common. A score of 100% means they share the exact same breed mix!

Click or tap on a pic to learn more about each dog and see an in-depth comparison of their DNA, breeds, and more.

DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
Boxer
American Bulldog
Staffordshire Terrier
Catahoula Leopard Dog
English Setter

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Here’s what Willow’s family tree may have looked like.
Willow
Family Tree From Embark PARENTS GRANDPARENTS GREAT GRANDPARENTS Boxer mix American Bulldog / Staffordshire Terrier mix Boxer Boxer / Catahoula Leopard Dog mix American Bulldog Staffordshire Terrier Boxer Boxer Boxer Catahoula Leopard Dog mix American Bulldog American Bulldog Staffordshire Terrier Staffordshire Terrier
While there may be other possible configurations of her family’s relationships, this is the most likely family tree to explain Willow’s breed mix.
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Health Summary

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Willow has one variant that you should let your vet know about.

ALT Activity

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Willow inherited one copy of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Willow has one copy of a variant associated with reduced ALT activity as measured on veterinary blood chemistry panels. Please inform your veterinarian that Willow has this genotype, as ALT is often used as an indicator of liver health and Willow is likely to have a lower than average resting ALT activity. As such, an increase in Willow’s ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Hemophilia A

Identified in Boxers

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd1

Identified in Staffordshire Terriers

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd2

Identified in Staffordshire Terriers

Canine Multifocal Retinopathy, cmr1

Identified in American Bulldogs

Hereditary Cataracts

Identified in Staffordshire Terriers

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones

Identified in American Bulldogs, Catahoula Leopard Dogs, and more

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, Cerebellar Ataxia, NCL4A

Identified in Staffordshire Terriers

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 8, NCL 8

Identified in English Setters

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 10, NCL 10

Identified in American Bulldogs

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM

Identified in Boxers

L-2-Hydroxyglutaricaciduria, L2HGA

Identified in Staffordshire Terriers

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Base Coat Color

Base Coat Color

Coat Color Modifiers

Coat Color Modifiers

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Willow’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1a

Haplotype

A17

Map

A1a

Willow’s Haplogroup

A1a is the most common maternal lineage among Western dogs. This lineage traveled from the site of dog domestication in Central Asia to Europe along with an early dog expansion perhaps 10,000 years ago. It hung around in European village dogs for many millennia. Then, about 300 years ago, some of the prized females in the line were chosen as the founding dogs for several dog breeds. That set in motion a huge expansion of this lineage. It's now the maternal lineage of the overwhelming majority of Mastiffs, Labrador Retrievers and Gordon Setters. About half of Boxers and less than half of Shar-Pei dogs descend from the A1a line. It is also common across the world among village dogs, a legacy of European colonialism.

A17

Willow’s Haplotype

Part of the large A1a haplogroup, this common haplotype is found in village dogs across the globe. Among breed dogs, we find it most frequently in Labrador Retrievers, Boxers, and Mastiffs.

Shar Pei dogs think A1a is the coolest!

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that Willow inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown and family tree.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since Willow is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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