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Valda

Mixed Ancestry

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Genetic Breed Result

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American Bully

The American Bully may look intimidating with its muscular build, but these dogs are bred to be the ideal family or companion dog. This breed is notable for coming in several different size and type varieties, so there's a lot of diversity in their appearance. They're a newer breed, originating in the 80s and 90s in the United States.

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American Pit Bull Terrier

The American Pit Bull Terrier originated in the British Isles and descends from the Mastiff-type dogs introduced to England in antiquity. The breed was brought over to the United States by English immigrants in the 1800s, and quickly became one of the most popular and widespread breeds there.

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American Bulldog

American bulldogs are enjoying a healthy increase in popularity, either as a working/protector dog or as a family pet. All over the world, they are used variously as "hog dogs" (catching escaped pigs or hunting razorbacks), as cattle drovers and as working or sport K-9s. American Bulldogs also successfully compete in several dog sports such as dog obedience, Iron Dog competition and weight pulling.

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DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
American Bully
American Pit Bull Terrier
American Bulldog

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Health Summary

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Valda inherited one variant that you should learn more about.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1

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Valda inherited both copies of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

We do not know whether this increases the risk that Valda will develop Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1.

Scientific Basis

Research studies for this variant have been based on dogs of other breeds. Not enough dogs with Valda's breed have been studied to know whether or not this variant will increase Valda's risk of developing this disease.

Impact on Breeding

Research into the clinical impact of this variant is ongoing. We recommend tracking this genetic result and incidence of Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1 in your breeding program and related dogs.

What is Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1?

PRA-CRD4/cord1 is a retinal disease that causes progressive, non-painful vision loss over a 1-2 year period. The retina contains cells, called photoreceptors, that collect information about light and send signals to the brain. There are two types of photoreceptors: rods, for night vision and movement, and cones, for day vision and color. This type of PRA leads to early loss of cone cells, causing day blindness before night blindness.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd1 (PDE6B, American Staffordshire Terrier Variant)

Identified in American Bullies and American Pit Bull Terriers

Canine Multifocal Retinopathy, cmr1 (BEST1 Exon 2)

Identified in American Bullies and American Bulldogs

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones (SLC2A9)

Identified in American Bullies, American Pit Bull Terriers, and more

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, Cerebellar Ataxia, NCL4A (ARSG Exon 2, American Staffordshire Terrier Variant)

Identified in American Bullies and American Pit Bull Terriers

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 10, NCL 10 (CTSD Exon 5, American Bulldog Variant)

Identified in American Bullies and American Bulldogs

L-2-Hydroxyglutaricaciduria, L2HGA (L2HGDH, Staffordshire Bull Terrier Variant)

Identified in American Bullies and American Pit Bull Terriers

Nemaline Myopathy (NEB, American Bulldog Variant)

Identified in American Bullies and American Bulldogs

Ichthyosis (NIPAL4, American Bulldog Variant)

Identified in American Bullies and American Bulldogs

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

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Through Valda’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1b

Haplotype

A361/409/611

Map

A1b

Valda’s Haplogroup

This female lineage was very likely one of the original lineages in the wolves that were first domesticated into dogs in Central Asia about 15,000 years ago. Since then, the lineage has been very successful and travelled the globe! Dogs from this group are found in ancient Bronze Age fossils in the Middle East and southern Europe. By the end of the Bronze Age, it became exceedingly common in Europe. These dogs later became many of the dogs that started some of today's most popular breeds, like German Shepherds, Pugs, Whippets, English Sheepdogs and Miniature Schnauzers. During the period of European colonization, the lineage became even more widespread as European dogs followed their owners to far-flung places like South America and Oceania. It's now found in many popular breeds as well as village dogs across the world!

A361/409/611

Valda’s Haplotype

Part of the A1b haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in German Shepherd Dogs, Poodles, and Shiloh Shepherds.

A1b is the most common haplogroup found in German Shepherds.

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that Valda inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since Valda is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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