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Scarlett

Cavapoo

Scarlett, a Cavapoo tested with EmbarkVet.com
Scarlett

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Genetic Breed Result

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Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is an indoor companion that loves people and should not be left alone for long. They're loved for their sweet temperaments, and make wonderful dogs for families with children or anyone looking for a dog who will stick to them like Velcro.

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Poodle (Small)

A highly intelligent and playful dog, Miniature and Toy Poodles make for great lap dogs and companions.

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Poodle (Standard)

Known as the national dog breed of France, poodles were developed in Germany and are known for their loyalty and distinctive coat.

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DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
Poodle (Small)
Poodle (Standard)

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Health Summary

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Scarlett is at increased risk for one genetic health condition.

And inherited two variants that you should learn more about.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)

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Scarlett inherited one copy of the variant we tested

How to interpret this result

Scarlett has one copy of an FGF4 retrogene on chromosome 12. In some breeds such as Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, and Dachshunds (among others) this variant is found in nearly all dogs. While those breeds are known to have an elevated risk of IVDD, many dogs in those breeds never develop IVDD. For mixed breed dogs and purebreds of other breeds where this variant is not as common, risk for Type I IVDD is greater for individuals with this variant than for similar dogs.

What is Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)?

Type I Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a back/spine issue that refers to a health condition affecting the discs that act as cushions between vertebrae. With Type I IVDD, affected dogs can have a disc event where it ruptures or herniates towards the spinal cord. This pressure on the spinal cord causes neurologic signs which can range from a wobbly gait to impairment of movement. Chondrodystrophy (CDDY) refers to the relative proportion between a dog’s legs and body, wherein the legs are shorter and the body longer. There are multiple different variants that can cause a markedly chondrodystrophic appearance as observed in Dachshunds and Corgis. However, this particular variant is the only one known to also increase the risk for IVDD.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd

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Scarlett inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Scarlett’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Scarlett is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because she only has one copy of the variant.

Impact on Breeding

Your dog carries this variant and will pass it on to ~50% of her offspring. You can email breeders@embarkvet.com to discuss with a genetic counselor how the genotype results should be applied to a breeding program.

What is Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd?

PRA-prcd is a retinal disease that causes progressive, non-painful vision loss. The retina contains cells, called photoreceptors, that collect information about light and send signals to the brain. There are two types of photoreceptors: rods, for night vision and movement, and cones, for day vision and color. This type of PRA leads to early loss of rod cells, leading to night blindness before day blindness.

ALT Activity

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Scarlett inherited one copy of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Scarlett has one copy of a variant associated with reduced ALT activity as measured on veterinary blood chemistry panels. Please inform your veterinarian that Scarlett has this genotype, as ALT is often used as an indicator of liver health and Scarlett is likely to have a lower than average resting ALT activity. As such, an increase in Scarlett’s ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Von Willebrand Disease Type I, Type I vWD (VWF)

Identified in Standard Poodles and Small Poodles

Dry Eye Curly Coat Syndrome (FAM83H Exon 5)

Identified in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels

GM2 Gangliosidosis (HEXB, Poodle Variant)

Identified in Standard Poodles and Small Poodles

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM (SOD1A)

Identified in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels and Standard Poodles

Neonatal Encephalopathy with Seizures, NEWS (ATF2)

Identified in Standard Poodles and Small Poodles

Muscular Dystrophy (DMD, Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Variant 1)

Identified in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels

Episodic Falling Syndrome (BCAN)

Identified in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels

Osteochondrodysplasia (SLC13A1, Poodle Variant)

Identified in Standard Poodles and Small Poodles

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Scarlett’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

B1

Haplotype

B84

Map

B1

Scarlett’s Haplogroup

B1 is the second most common maternal lineage in breeds of European or American origin. It is the female line of the majority of Golden Retrievers, Basset Hounds, and Shih Tzus, and about half of Beagles, Pekingese and Toy Poodles. This lineage is also somewhat common among village dogs that carry distinct ancestry from these breeds. We know this is a result of B1 dogs being common amongst the European dogs that their conquering owners brought around the world, because nowhere on earth is it a very common lineage in village dogs. It even enables us to trace the path of (human) colonization: Because most Bichons are B1 and Bichons are popular in Spanish culture, B1 is now fairly common among village dogs in Latin America.

B84

Scarlett’s Haplotype

Part of the large B1 haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in Golden Retrievers, Beagles, and Staffordshire Terriers.

The B1 haplogroup can be found in village dogs like the Peruvian Village Dog, pictured above.

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that Scarlett inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since Scarlett is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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