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Sam

Mixed Ancestry

““Handsome Sam” was rescued from the Brunswick Humane Society January 2019. Weighing in at 50 lbs. he Loves to play with Squeeky and chewy toys, and swim with all dogs at the dog park. Sam is a FAST runner and loves to play chase and be chased as well.”

Current Location

Atlantic Beach, Florida, USA

This dog has been viewed and been given 1 wag

Genetic Breed Result

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Embark Supermutt analysis

What’s in that Supermutt? There may be small amounts of DNA from these distant ancestors:

American Pit Bull Terrier

The American Pit Bull Terrier originated in the British Isles and descends from the Mastiff-type dogs introduced to England in antiquity. The breed was brought over to the United States by English immigrants in the 1800s, and quickly became one of the most popular and widespread breeds there.

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Rottweiler

Originally used for driving cattle and protecting valuable convoys, Rottweilers are now popular family pets as well as guard, police and military dogs.

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German Shepherd Dog

German Shepherds are confident, courageous dogs with a keen sense of smell and notable intelligence. These are active working dogs who excel at many canine sports and tasks -- they are true utility dogs! Their versatility combined with their loyal companionship has them consistently listed as one of the most popular breeds in the United States.

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Bulldog

Originally a bull-baiting dog, bulldogs today are gentle and loving while still carrying the stocky frame of their forbearers.

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Labrador Retriever

The Labrador Retriever was bred for hunting and excelled in retrieving game after it was shot down. Known for its gentle disposition and loyalty, the Labrador Retriever has become a favorite of families and breeders alike.

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American Staffordshire Terrier

American Staffordshire Terriers are powerful but playful dogs that are both loyal and affectionate with their owners.

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Dogs Like Sam

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Discover dogs who share a similar breed mix to Sam. A higher score means the two dogs have more of their breed mix in common. A score of 100% means they share the exact same breed mix!

Click or tap on a pic to learn more about each dog and see an in-depth comparison of their DNA, breeds, and more.

DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
American Pit Bull Terrier
Rottweiler
German Shepherd Dog
Bulldog
Labrador Retriever
American Staffordshire Terrier
Supermutt

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Here’s what Sam’s family tree may have looked like.
Sam
Family Tree From Embark PARENTS GRANDPARENTS GREAT GRANDPARENTS American Pit Bull Terrier mix Mixed American Pit Bull Terrier American Staffordshire Terrier / American Pit Bull Terrier mix Rottweiler / Bulldog mix German Shepherd Dog / Labrador Retriever mix American Pit Bull Terrier American Pit Bull Terrier American Staffordshire Terrier mix American Pit Bull Terrier mix Rottweiler Bulldog mix German Shepherd Dog Labrador Retriever mix
While there may be other possible configurations of his family’s relationships, this is the most likely family tree to explain Sam’s breed mix.
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Health Summary

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Sam inherited one variant that you should learn more about.

And one variant that you should tell your vet about.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd

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Sam inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Sam’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Sam is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because he only has one copy of the variant.

What is Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd?

PRA-prcd is a retinal disease that causes progressive, non-painful vision loss. The retina contains cells, called photoreceptors, that collect information about light and send signals to the brain. There are two types of photoreceptors: rods, for night vision and movement, and cones, for day vision and color. This type of PRA leads to early loss of rod cells, leading to night blindness before day blindness.

ALT Activity

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Sam inherited one copy of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Sam has one copy of a variant associated with reduced ALT activity as measured on veterinary blood chemistry panels. Please inform your veterinarian that Sam has this genotype, as ALT is often used as an indicator of liver health and Sam is likely to have a lower than average resting ALT activity. As such, an increase in Sam’s ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Multiple Drug Sensitivity

Identified in German Shepherd Dogs

Hemophilia A

Identified in German Shepherd Dogs

Hemophilia A

Identified in German Shepherd Dogs

Canine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type III, CLAD III

Identified in German Shepherd Dogs

Canine Elliptocytosis

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Golden Retriever Progressive Retinal Atrophy 2, GR-PRA2

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd1

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers and American Staffordshire Terriers

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd2

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers and American Staffordshire Terriers

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Day Blindness

Identified in German Shepherd Dogs

Day Blindness

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Canine Multifocal Retinopathy, cmr1

Identified in Bulldogs

Macular Corneal Dystrophy, MCD

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers, American Staffordshire Terriers, and more

Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia

Identified in German Shepherd Dogs

Renal Cystadenocarcinoma and Nodular Dermatofibrosis

Identified in German Shepherd Dogs

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII, Sly Syndrome, MPS VII

Identified in German Shepherd Dogs

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, Cerebellar Ataxia, NCL4A

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers and American Staffordshire Terriers

Alexander Disease

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM

Identified in German Shepherd Dogs and Labrador Retrievers

L-2-Hydroxyglutaricaciduria, L2HGA

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers and American Staffordshire Terriers

Narcolepsy

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Juvenile Laryngeal Paralysis and Polyneuropathy

Identified in Rottweilers

Centronuclear Myopathy, CNM

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Exercise-Induced Collapse, EIC

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome, CMS

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Hereditary Nasal Parakeratosis, HNPK

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Skeletal Dysplasia 2, SD2

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Base Coat Color

Base Coat Color

Coat Color Modifiers

Coat Color Modifiers

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Sam’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace his mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1d

Haplotype

A424

Map

A1d

Sam’s Haplogroup

This female lineage can be traced back about 15,000 years to some of the original Central Asian wolves that were domesticated into modern dogs. The early females that represent this lineage were likely taken into Eurasia, where they spread rapidly. As a result, many modern breed and village dogs from the Americas, Africa, through Asia and down into Oceania belong to this group! This widespread lineage is not limited to a select few breeds, but the majority of Rottweilers, Afghan Hounds and Wirehaired Pointing Griffons belong to it. It is also the most common female lineage among Papillons, Samoyeds and Jack Russell Terriers. Considering its occurrence in breeds as diverse as Afghan Hounds and Samoyeds, some of this is likely ancient variation. But because of its presence in many modern European breeds, much of its diversity likely can be attributed to much more recent breeding.

A424

Sam’s Haplotype

Part of the A1d haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in American Pit Bull Terriers, Barbets, and Staffordshire Terriers.

The vast majority of Rottweilers have the A1d haplogroup.

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Through Sam’s Y-chromosome we can trace his father’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1a

Haplotype

H1a.59

Map

A1a

Sam’s Haplogroup

Some of the wolves that became the original dogs in Central Asia around 15,000 years ago came from this long and distinguished line of male dogs. After domestication, they followed their humans from Asia to Europe and then didn't stop there. They took root in Europe, eventually becoming the dogs that founded the Vizsla breed 1,000 years ago. The Vizsla is a Central European hunting dog, and all male Vizslas descend from this line. During the Age of Exploration, like their owners, these pooches went by the philosophy, "Have sail, will travel!" From the windy plains of Patagonia to the snug and homey towns of the American Midwest, the beaches of a Pacific paradise, and the broad expanse of the Australian outback, these dogs followed their masters to the outposts of empires. Whether through good fortune or superior genetics, dogs from the A1a lineage traveled the globe and took root across the world. Now you find village dogs from this line frolicking on Polynesian beaches, hanging out in villages across the Americas, and scavenging throughout Old World settlements. You can also find this "prince of patrilineages" in breeds as different as German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, Pugs, Border Collies, Scottish Terriers, and Irish Wolfhounds. No male wolf line has been as successful as the A1a line!

H1a.59

Sam’s Haplotype

Part of the A1a haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in European village dogs.

Dogs with A1a lineage travelled during European Colonial times.

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