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Princeton

Poodle

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Genetic Breed Result

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Poodle (Small)

A highly intelligent and playful dog, Miniature and Toy Poodles make for great lap dogs and companions.

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Poodle (Standard)

Known as the national dog breed of France, poodles were developed in Germany and are known for their loyalty and distinctive coat.

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DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
Poodle (Small)
Poodle (Standard)

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Changes to this dog’s profile
  • On 3/13/2023 changed name from "Princeton real" to "Princeton"
  • On 3/12/2023 changed name from "Oakley" to "Princeton real"
Here’s what Princeton’s family tree may have looked like.
While there may be other possible configurations of his family’s relationships, this is the most likely family tree to explain Princeton’s breed mix.
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Health Summary

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Princeton is at increased risk for one genetic health condition.

And inherited two variants that you should learn more about.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)

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Princeton inherited one copy of the variant we tested

How to interpret this result

Princeton has one copy of an FGF4 retrogene on chromosome 12. In some breeds such as Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, and Dachshunds (among others) this variant is found in nearly all dogs. While those breeds are known to have an elevated risk of IVDD, many dogs in those breeds never develop IVDD. For mixed breed dogs and purebreds of other breeds where this variant is not as common, risk for Type I IVDD is greater for individuals with this variant than for similar dogs.

What is Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)?

Type I Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a back/spine issue that refers to a health condition affecting the discs that act as cushions between vertebrae. With Type I IVDD, affected dogs can have a disc event where it ruptures or herniates towards the spinal cord. This pressure on the spinal cord causes neurologic signs which can range from a wobbly gait to impairment of movement. Chondrodystrophy (CDDY) refers to the relative proportion between a dog’s legs and body, wherein the legs are shorter and the body longer. There are multiple different variants that can cause a markedly chondrodystrophic appearance as observed in Dachshunds and Corgis. However, this particular variant is the only one known to also increase the risk for IVDD.

Osteochondrodysplasia

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Princeton inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Princeton’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Princeton is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because he only has one copy of the variant.

Impact on Breeding

Your dog carries this variant and will pass it on to ~50% of his offspring. You can email breeders@embarkvet.com to discuss with a genetic counselor how the genotype results should be applied to a breeding program.

What is Osteochondrodysplasia?

As a fetus, most of the bones of the body actually start as cartilage models of themselves. Over time, the cartilage is replaced with the bones that you (and your dog) are born with. Dogs affected with osteochondrodysplasia have a mutation in the SLC13A1 gene, which codes for a protein that transports minerals into the developing bone. Defects in this gene disrupt the cartilage to bone transition, leading to inappropriate skeletal development.

Dilated Cardiomyopathy, DCM1

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Princeton inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

Research indicates that this genetic variant is not likely to increase the risk that Princeton will develop this condition.

Scientific Basis

Dogs with Princeton’s breed have been included in research studies or have had follow-up by our experts that indicate that this genetic variant is not likely to increase the risk of Princeton developing clinical disease.

Impact on Breeding

This genetic result should not be the primary factor in your breeding decisions.

What is Dilated Cardiomyopathy, DCM1?

DCM is the most common acquired heart disease of adult dogs. The heart has two heavily muscled ventricles that pump blood away from the heart. This disease causes progressive weakening of the ventricles by reducing the muscle mass, which causes the ventricles to dilate. Dilated ventricles do not contract and circulate oxygenated blood well, which eventually leads to heart failure.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Von Willebrand Disease Type I, Type I vWD (VWF)

Identified in Standard Poodles, Small Poodles, and more

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd (PRCD Exon 1)

Identified in Standard Poodles, Small Poodles, and more

GM2 Gangliosidosis (HEXB, Poodle Variant)

Identified in Standard Poodles, Small Poodles, and more

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM (SOD1A)

Identified in Standard Poodles

Neonatal Encephalopathy with Seizures, NEWS (ATF2)

Identified in Standard Poodles, Small Poodles, and more

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

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Through Princeton’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace his mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

B1

Haplotype

B74

Map

B1

Princeton’s Haplogroup

B1 is the second most common maternal lineage in breeds of European or American origin. It is the female line of the majority of Golden Retrievers, Basset Hounds, and Shih Tzus, and about half of Beagles, Pekingese and Toy Poodles. This lineage is also somewhat common among village dogs that carry distinct ancestry from these breeds. We know this is a result of B1 dogs being common amongst the European dogs that their conquering owners brought around the world, because nowhere on earth is it a very common lineage in village dogs. It even enables us to trace the path of (human) colonization: Because most Bichons are B1 and Bichons are popular in Spanish culture, B1 is now fairly common among village dogs in Latin America.

B74

Princeton’s Haplotype

Part of the large B1 haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in mixed breed dogs.

The B1 haplogroup can be found in village dogs like the Peruvian Village Dog, pictured above.

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Through Princeton’s Y-chromosome we can trace his father’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1a

Haplotype

H1a.45

Map

A1a

Princeton’s Haplogroup

Some of the wolves that became the original dogs in Central Asia around 15,000 years ago came from this long and distinguished line of male dogs. After domestication, they followed their humans from Asia to Europe and then didn't stop there. They took root in Europe, eventually becoming the dogs that founded the Vizsla breed 1,000 years ago. The Vizsla is a Central European hunting dog, and all male Vizslas descend from this line. During the Age of Exploration, like their owners, these pooches went by the philosophy, "Have sail, will travel!" From the windy plains of Patagonia to the snug and homey towns of the American Midwest, the beaches of a Pacific paradise, and the broad expanse of the Australian outback, these dogs followed their masters to the outposts of empires. Whether through good fortune or superior genetics, dogs from the A1a lineage traveled the globe and took root across the world. Now you find village dogs from this line frolicking on Polynesian beaches, hanging out in villages across the Americas, and scavenging throughout Old World settlements. You can also find this "prince of patrilineages" in breeds as different as German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, Pugs, Border Collies, Scottish Terriers, and Irish Wolfhounds. No male wolf line has been as successful as the A1a line!

H1a.45

Princeton’s Haplotype

Part of the A1a haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in mixed breed dogs.

Dogs with A1a lineage travelled during European Colonial times.

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