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“Snuggs”
Lil Snugger Budder

Shih Tzu

Snuggs, a Shih Tzu tested with EmbarkVet.com
Lil' Snugger Budder

“Snuggs is a wonderful fun loving boy. He loves to travel and watch movies.”

Place of Birth

Syracuse, NY, USA

Current Location

Montrose, CO, USA

From

Syracuse, NY, USA

This dog has been viewed and been given 0 wags

Registration

American Kennel Club (AKC): TS44452104

Genetic Breed Result

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Shih Tzu

This ancient breed is the perfect lapdog. Sweet and easygoing, they want nothing more than to be close to their humans.

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Here’s what Snuggs’s family tree may have looked like.
While there may be other possible configurations of his family’s relationships, this is the most likely family tree to explain Snuggs’s breed mix.
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Health Summary

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Snuggs is at increased risk for one genetic health condition.

And inherited two variants that you should learn more about.

Prekallikrein Deficiency

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Snuggs inherited both copies of the variant we tested

How to interpret this result

Snuggs has two copies of a variant in the KLKB1 gene and is at risk for prekallikrein deficiency. Please note that Snuggs is unlikely to have any ill effects from the disease: nearly all reported cases of prekallikrein deficiency are asymptomatic. However, please inform your veterinarian that Snuggs has this variant and may test abnormally on certain blood coagulation tests.

What is Prekallikrein Deficiency?

Prekallikrein is an enzyme necessary for the activation of certain clotting proteins. Fortunately, this is a benign blood disorder and is not associated with increased bleeding tendencies.

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM

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Snuggs inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Snuggs’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Snuggs is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because he only has one copy of the variant.

Impact on Breeding

Your dog carries this variant and will pass it on to ~50% of his offspring. You can email breeders@embarkvet.com to discuss with a genetic counselor how the genotype results should be applied to a breeding program.

What is Degenerative Myelopathy, DM?

The dog equivalent of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, or Lou Gehrig’s disease, DM is a progressive degenerative disorder of the spinal cord. Because the nerves that control the hind limbs are the first to degenerate, the most common clinical signs are back muscle wasting and gait abnormalities.

Dilated Cardiomyopathy, DCM2

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Snuggs inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

Research indicates that this genetic variant is not likely to increase the risk that Snuggs will develop this condition.

Scientific Basis

Dogs with Snuggs’s breed have been included in research studies or have had follow-up by our experts that indicate that this genetic variant is not likely to increase the risk of Snuggs developing clinical disease.

Impact on Breeding

This genetic result should not be the primary factor in your breeding decisions.

What is Dilated Cardiomyopathy, DCM2?

DCM is the most common acquired heart disease of adult dogs. The heart has two heavily muscled ventricles that pump blood away from the heart. This disease causes progressive weakening of the ventricles by reducing the muscle mass, which causes the ventricles to dilate. Dilated ventricles do not contract and circulate oxygenated blood well, which eventually leads to heart failure.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I) (FGF4 retrogene - CFA12)

Identified in Shih Tzus

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

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Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Snuggs’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace his mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

B1

Haplotype

B81

Map

B1

Lil Snugger Budder’s Haplogroup

B1 is the second most common maternal lineage in breeds of European or American origin. It is the female line of the majority of Golden Retrievers, Basset Hounds, and Shih Tzus, and about half of Beagles, Pekingese and Toy Poodles. This lineage is also somewhat common among village dogs that carry distinct ancestry from these breeds. We know this is a result of B1 dogs being common amongst the European dogs that their conquering owners brought around the world, because nowhere on earth is it a very common lineage in village dogs. It even enables us to trace the path of (human) colonization: Because most Bichons are B1 and Bichons are popular in Spanish culture, B1 is now fairly common among village dogs in Latin America.

B81

Lil Snugger Budder’s Haplotype

Part of the large B1 haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in Shih Tzus, Chihuahuas, and Poodles.

The B1 haplogroup can be found in village dogs like the Peruvian Village Dog, pictured above.

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Through Snuggs’s Y-chromosome we can trace his father’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1a

Haplotype

H1a.53

Map

A1a

Lil Snugger Budder’s Haplogroup

Some of the wolves that became the original dogs in Central Asia around 15,000 years ago came from this long and distinguished line of male dogs. After domestication, they followed their humans from Asia to Europe and then didn't stop there. They took root in Europe, eventually becoming the dogs that founded the Vizsla breed 1,000 years ago. The Vizsla is a Central European hunting dog, and all male Vizslas descend from this line. During the Age of Exploration, like their owners, these pooches went by the philosophy, "Have sail, will travel!" From the windy plains of Patagonia to the snug and homey towns of the American Midwest, the beaches of a Pacific paradise, and the broad expanse of the Australian outback, these dogs followed their masters to the outposts of empires. Whether through good fortune or superior genetics, dogs from the A1a lineage traveled the globe and took root across the world. Now you find village dogs from this line frolicking on Polynesian beaches, hanging out in villages across the Americas, and scavenging throughout Old World settlements. You can also find this "prince of patrilineages" in breeds as different as German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, Pugs, Border Collies, Scottish Terriers, and Irish Wolfhounds. No male wolf line has been as successful as the A1a line!

H1a.53

Lil Snugger Budder’s Haplotype

Part of the A1a haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in Golden Retrievers, Border Collies, and the Coton de Tulear.

Dogs with A1a lineage travelled during European Colonial times.

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