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Hazel

Mixed Ancestry

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Genetic Breed Result

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Australian Shepherd

Australian Shepherds are an energetic mid-sized breed that make the perfect companion.

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Border Collie

Border Collies are highly energetic and work-oriented herding dogs, whose stamina is matched by their intelligence and alertness. While they excel at the herding they were bred for, many Border Collies also enjoy flyball, obedience, and other canine sports. As long as they have a job to do and are physically and mentally stimulated, Border Collies can make excellent companions for the right owners.

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Collie

Collies are attractive herding dogs, boasting a beautiful coat while being highly intelligent. They also make for extremely loyal and sweet family pets.

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Shetland Sheepdog

Shetland Sheepdogs are a lively, smart and athletic herding dogs that also makes a great family pet.

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English Shepherd

A farmer's helper, a loyal companion, a child's shadow: The English Shepherd.

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DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
Australian Shepherd
Border Collie
Collie
Shetland Sheepdog
English Shepherd

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Here’s what Hazel’s family tree may have looked like.
Hazel
Family Tree From Embark PARENTS GRANDPARENTS GREAT GRANDPARENTS Australian Shepherd / Border Collie mix Collie mix Australian Shepherd Border Collie Collie Shetland Sheepdog / English Shepherd mix Australian Shepherd Australian Shepherd Border Collie Border Collie Collie Collie Shetland Sheepdog English Shepherd
While there may be other possible configurations of her family’s relationships, this is the most likely family tree to explain Hazel’s breed mix.
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Health Summary

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Hazel inherited one variant that you should learn more about.

And one variant that you should tell your vet about.

Collie Eye Anomaly

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Hazel inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Hazel’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Hazel is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because she only has one copy of the variant.

Impact on Breeding

Your dog carries this variant and will pass it on to ~50% of her offspring. You can email breeders@embarkvet.com to discuss with a genetic counselor how the genotype results should be applied to a breeding program.

What is Collie Eye Anomaly?

Named for its high prevalence in Collie dogs, Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA) is more correctly termed choroidal hypoplasia. The choroid anchors the retina to the underlying structures and supplies it with oxygen and nourishment. CEA is a developmental disease of the choroid.

ALT Activity

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Hazel inherited one copy of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Hazel has one copy of a variant associated with reduced ALT activity as measured on veterinary blood chemistry panels. Please inform your veterinarian that Hazel has this genotype, as ALT is often used as an indicator of liver health and Hazel is likely to have a lower than average resting ALT activity. As such, an increase in Hazel’s ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Multiple Drug Sensitivity (ABCB1)

Identified in Australian Shepherds, Border Collies, and more

Von Willebrand Disease Type III, Type III vWD (VWF Exon 7, Shetland Sheepdog Variant)

Identified in Shetland Sheepdogs

Trapped Neutrophil Syndrome, TNS (VPS13B)

Identified in Border Collies and English Shepherds

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, CNGA (CNGA1 Exon 9)

Identified in Shetland Sheepdogs

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd (PRCD Exon 1)

Identified in Australian Shepherds and English Shepherds

Canine Multifocal Retinopathy, cmr1 (BEST1 Exon 2)

Identified in Australian Shepherds

Primary Lens Luxation (ADAMTS17)

Identified in Border Collies

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones (SLC2A9)

Identified in Australian Shepherds and English Shepherds

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 5, NCL 5 (CLN5 Exon 4 SNP, Border Collie Variant)

Identified in Border Collies

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 6, NCL 6 (CLN6 Exon 7, Australian Shepherd Variant)

Identified in Australian Shepherds

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 8, NCL 8 (CLN8, Australian Shepherd Variant)

Identified in Australian Shepherds

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM (SOD1A)

Identified in Australian Shepherds, Collies, and more

Myotonia Congenita (CLCN1 Exon 23, Australian Cattle Dog Variant)

Identified in Border Collies

Cobalamin Malabsorption (CUBN Exon 53, Border Collie Variant)

Identified in Border Collies

Craniomandibular Osteopathy, CMO (SLC37A2)

Identified in Australian Shepherds

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Hazel’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

E

Haplotype

E11

Map

E

Hazel’s Haplogroup

Haplogroup E is a very rare maternal line, present primarily in Northern breed dogs and dogs with some level of recent gray wolf ancestry.

E11

Hazel’s Haplotype

The E haplogroup in general is not common. It has been found in dogs with some level of background mixing with its wolf-like ancestors.

An example of an Akita.

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that Hazel inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown and family tree.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since Hazel is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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