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Harley

Mixed Ancestry

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Genetic Breed Result

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Siberian Husky

Bred initially in Northern Siberia, the Siberian Husky is a medium-sized working dog who is quick and light on their feet. Their moderately compact and well furred body, erect ears and brush tail suggest their Northern heritage. Huskies are very active and energetic and are known for being long distance sled dogs.

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Pomeranian

The Pomeranian is a cocky, animated companion with an extroverted personality.

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Alaskan Malamute

The Alaskan Malamute is a large, fluffy spitz breed recognized as being one of the most ancient breeds of dogs. The forebears to the modern Malamute crossed the Bering Strait with their owners over 4,000 years ago. Their size, thick coat, and work drive make them ideal dogs for pulling sleds, but they also make amicable companions.

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DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
Siberian Husky
Pomeranian
Alaskan Malamute

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Changes to this dog’s profile
  • On 6/25/2024 changed handle from "midnight425" to "harley6239"
  • On 6/25/2024 changed name from "Midnight" to "Harley"

Health Summary

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Harley inherited two variants that you should learn more about.

And one variant that you should tell your vet about.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd

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Harley inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Harley’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Harley is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because she only has one copy of the variant.

Impact on Breeding

Your dog carries this variant and will pass it on to ~50% of her offspring. You can email breeders@embarkvet.com to discuss with a genetic counselor how the genotype results should be applied to a breeding program.

What is Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd?

PRA-prcd is a retinal disease that causes progressive, non-painful vision loss. The retina contains cells, called photoreceptors, that collect information about light and send signals to the brain. There are two types of photoreceptors: rods, for night vision and movement, and cones, for day vision and color. This type of PRA leads to early loss of rod cells, leading to night blindness before day blindness.

Copper Toxicosis (Accumulating)

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Harley inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

We do not know whether this increases the risk that Harley will develop Copper Toxicosis (Accumulating).

Scientific Basis

Research studies for this variant have been based on dogs of other breeds. Not enough dogs with Harley's breed have been studied to know whether or not this variant will increase Harley's risk of developing this disease.

Impact on Breeding

Research into the clinical impact of this variant is ongoing. We recommend tracking this genetic result and incidence of Copper Toxicosis (Accumulating) in your breeding program and related dogs.

What is Copper Toxicosis (Accumulating)?

Copper toxicosis is a condition in which affected dogs have difficulty excreting excess copper from their liver. The liver accumulates more copper until it eventually begins failing. Multiple genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of this condition.

ALT Activity

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Harley inherited one copy of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Harley has one copy of a variant associated with reduced ALT activity as measured on veterinary blood chemistry panels. Please inform your veterinarian that Harley has this genotype, as ALT is often used as an indicator of liver health and Harley is likely to have a lower than average resting ALT activity. As such, an increase in Harley’s ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Factor VII Deficiency (F7 Exon 5)

Identified in Alaskan Malamutes

Methemoglobinemia (CYB5R3)

Identified in Pomeranians

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, rcd3 (PDE6A)

Identified in Pomeranians

X-Linked Progressive Retinal Atrophy 1, XL-PRA1 (RPGR)

Identified in Siberian Huskies

Day Blindness (CNGB3 Deletion, Alaskan Malamute Variant)

Identified in Alaskan Malamutes and Siberian Huskies

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones (SLC2A9)

Identified in Pomeranians

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, PCD (NME5, Alaskan Malamute Variant)

Identified in Alaskan Malamutes

GM1 Gangliosidosis (GLB1 Exon 15, Alaskan Husky Variant)

Identified in Siberian Huskies

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM (SOD1A)

Identified in Siberian Huskies

Alaskan Malamute Polyneuropathy, AMPN (NDRG1 SNP)

Identified in Alaskan Malamutes

Oculocutaneous Albinism, OCA (SLC45A2, Small Breed Variant)

Identified in Pomeranians

Hereditary Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets (VDR)

Identified in Pomeranians

Progressive Retinal Atrophy 5, PRA5 (NECAP1 Exon 6, Giant Schnauzer Variant)

Identified in Pomeranians

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Harley’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1d

Haplotype

A41

Map

A1d

Harley’s Haplogroup

This female lineage can be traced back about 15,000 years to some of the original Central Asian wolves that were domesticated into modern dogs. The early females that represent this lineage were likely taken into Eurasia, where they spread rapidly. As a result, many modern breed and village dogs from the Americas, Africa, through Asia and down into Oceania belong to this group! This widespread lineage is not limited to a select few breeds, but the majority of Rottweilers, Afghan Hounds and Wirehaired Pointing Griffons belong to it. It is also the most common female lineage among Papillons, Samoyeds and Jack Russell Terriers. Considering its occurrence in breeds as diverse as Afghan Hounds and Samoyeds, some of this is likely ancient variation. But because of its presence in many modern European breeds, much of its diversity likely can be attributed to much more recent breeding.

A41

Harley’s Haplotype

Part of the large A1d haplogroup, we have not spotted this haplotype in village dogs yet. We do see it in 3 breeds: Alaskan Malamutes, Bichon Frises, and Posavac Hounds.

The vast majority of Rottweilers have the A1d haplogroup.

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that Harley inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since Harley is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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