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“ILY”
Foxfire's Three Small Words

Beagle

“Clover x Catcher litter purple collar girl April 27, 2020”

Place of Birth

Thunder Bay, ON, Canada

Current Location

Thunder Bay, ON, Canada

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Genetic Breed Result

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Beagle

The Beagle is a scent hound and a great family pet. They are known for being affectionate and having loud voices.

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Changes to this dog’s profile
  • On 6/22/2020 changed handle from "purple16" to "foxfireily"
  • On 6/22/2020 changed name from "Purple" to "Foxfire's Three Small Words"

Health Summary

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ILY is at increased risk for one genetic health condition.

And inherited two variants that you should learn more about.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)

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ILY inherited both copies of the variant we tested

How to interpret this result

ILY has two copies of an FGF4 retrogene on chromosome 12. In some breeds such as Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, and Dachshunds (among others) this variant is found in nearly all dogs. While those breeds are known to have an elevated risk of IVDD, many dogs in those breeds never develop IVDD. For mixed breed dogs and purebreds of other breeds where this variant is not as common, risk for Type I IVDD is greater for individuals with this variant than for similar dogs.

What is Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)?

Type I Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a back/spine issue that refers to a health condition affecting the discs that act as cushions between vertebrae. With Type I IVDD, affected dogs can have a disc event where it ruptures or herniates towards the spinal cord. This pressure on the spinal cord causes neurologic signs which can range from a wobbly gait to impairment of movement. Chondrodystrophy (CDDY) refers to the relative proportion between a dog’s legs and body, wherein the legs are shorter and the body longer. There are multiple different variants that can cause a markedly chondrodystrophic appearance as observed in Dachshunds and Corgis. However, this particular variant is the only one known to also increase the risk for IVDD.

Factor VII Deficiency

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ILY inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact ILY’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. ILY is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because she only has one copy of the variant.

Impact on Breeding

Your dog carries this variant and will pass it on to ~50% of her offspring. You can email breeders@embarkvet.com to discuss with a genetic counselor how the genotype results should be applied to a breeding program.

What is Factor VII Deficiency?

Factor VII deficiency is a type of coagulopathy, a disorder of blood clotting. It is characterized by mild to moderate abnormal bleeding (generally less severe than that caused by deficiencies in other clotting factors such as Factors VIII or IX). Some dogs with this condition will show no clinical signs.

ALT Activity

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ILY inherited one copy of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

ILY has one copy of a variant associated with reduced ALT activity as measured on veterinary blood chemistry panels. Please inform your veterinarian that ILY has this genotype, as ALT is often used as an indicator of liver health and ILY is likely to have a lower than average resting ALT activity. As such, an increase in ILY’s ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency (PKLR Exon 7, Beagle Variant)

Identified in Beagles

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1 (RPGRIP1)

Identified in Beagles

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (ADAMTS10 Exon 17, Beagle Variant)

Identified in Beagles

Neonatal Cerebellar Cortical Degeneration (SPTBN2, Beagle Variant)

Identified in Beagles

Hypocatalasia, Acatalasemia (CAT)

Identified in Beagles

Cobalamin Malabsorption (CUBN Exon 8, Beagle Variant)

Identified in Beagles

Musladin-Lueke Syndrome, MLS (ADAMTSL2)

Identified in Beagles

Osteogenesis Imperfecta (COL1A2, Beagle Variant)

Identified in Beagles

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Coat Color

Coat Color

Other Coat Traits

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Through ILY’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1d

Haplotype

A311

Map

A1d

Foxfire's Three Small Words’s Haplogroup

This female lineage can be traced back about 15,000 years to some of the original Central Asian wolves that were domesticated into modern dogs. The early females that represent this lineage were likely taken into Eurasia, where they spread rapidly. As a result, many modern breed and village dogs from the Americas, Africa, through Asia and down into Oceania belong to this group! This widespread lineage is not limited to a select few breeds, but the majority of Rottweilers, Afghan Hounds and Wirehaired Pointing Griffons belong to it. It is also the most common female lineage among Papillons, Samoyeds and Jack Russell Terriers. Considering its occurrence in breeds as diverse as Afghan Hounds and Samoyeds, some of this is likely ancient variation. But because of its presence in many modern European breeds, much of its diversity likely can be attributed to much more recent breeding.

A311

Foxfire's Three Small Words’s Haplotype

Part of the large A1d haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most commonly in Beagles. It’s a rare find!

The vast majority of Rottweilers have the A1d haplogroup.

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that ILY inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since ILY is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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