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Emma

Mixed Ancestry

“Emma was found roaming the streets in Columbia, MO, when she was 10 months old. Since then, she has lived life as a loved and spoiled adventure dog. At 21 lbs, she is a bed hog, she couldn't care less about adult dogs, but loves babies of all species, and she's SUPER smart.”

Current Location

Chicago, Illinois, USA

From

Columbia, Missouri, USA

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Genetic Breed Result

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Embark Supermutt analysis

What’s in that Supermutt? There may be small amounts of DNA from these distant ancestors:

Cocker Spaniel

Cocker Spaniels are handsome and intelligent hunting dogs that are also well-suited to life as a loving family pet.

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Poodle (Small)

A highly intelligent and playful dog, Miniature and Toy Poodles make for great lap dogs and companions.

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Beagle

The Beagle is a scent hound and a great family pet. They are known for being affectionate and having loud voices.

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Russell-type Terrier

These small, energetic terriers, developed in 19th century England for hunting small game, are now some of the best agility dogs around.

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Pomeranian

The Pomeranian is a cocky, animated companion with an extroverted personality.

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Border Terrier

The Border Terrier is a feisty terrier breed that was originally bred for assisting with foxhunts by flushing foxes out of their hiding places. Today, they’re primarily companions with a lot of personality. Though they come in a small package, Border Terriers have the drive and energy to dig, hunt, and play.

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Boston Terrier

Boston Terriers are lively, intelligent and friendly. Although a small dog, they are strong and sturdy. Owners of this breed find them to be As the breed's name implies, the Boston Terrier originated in the city of Boston in the late 19th century. They're sometimes referred to be their nickname of the "American gentleman" because of their tuxedo-like coat.

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Dogs Like Emma

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Discover dogs who share a similar breed mix to Emma. A higher score means the two dogs have more of their breed mix in common. A score of 100% means they share the exact same breed mix!

Click or tap on a pic to learn more about each dog and see an in-depth comparison of their DNA, breeds, and more.

DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
Cocker Spaniel
Poodle (Small)
Beagle
Russell-type Terrier
Pomeranian
Border Terrier
Boston Terrier
Supermutt

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Here’s what Emma’s family tree may have looked like.
Emma
Family Tree From Embark PARENTS GRANDPARENTS GREAT GRANDPARENTS Mixed Mixed Russell-type Terrier / Border Terrier mix Pomeranian / Boston Terrier mix Cocker Spaniel mix Poodle (Small) / Beagle mix Russell-type Terrier Border Terrier mix Pomeranian Boston Terrier mix Cocker Spaniel Cocker Spaniel mix Poodle (Small) Beagle
While there may be other possible configurations of her family’s relationships, this is the most likely family tree to explain Emma’s breed mix.

Breed Reveal Video

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Health Summary

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Emma is at increased risk for one genetic health condition.

And inherited one variant that you should learn more about.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)

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Emma inherited one copy of the variant we tested

How to interpret this result

Emma has one copy of an FGF4 retrogene on chromosome 12. In some breeds such as Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, and Dachshunds (among others) this variant is found in nearly all dogs. While those breeds are known to have an elevated risk of IVDD, many dogs in those breeds never develop IVDD. For mixed breed dogs and purebreds of other breeds where this variant is not as common, risk for Type I IVDD is greater for individuals with this variant than for similar dogs.

What is Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)?

Type I Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a back/spine issue that refers to a health condition affecting the discs that act as cushions between vertebrae. With Type I IVDD, affected dogs can have a disc event where it ruptures or herniates towards the spinal cord. This pressure on the spinal cord causes neurologic signs which can range from a wobbly gait to impairment of movement. Chondrodystrophy (CDDY) refers to the relative proportion between a dog’s legs and body, wherein the legs are shorter and the body longer. There are multiple different variants that can cause a markedly chondrodystrophic appearance as observed in Dachshunds and Corgis. However, this particular variant is the only one known to also increase the risk for IVDD.

ALT Activity

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Emma inherited both copies of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Emma has two copies of a variant in the GPT gene and is likely to have a lower than average baseline ALT activity. ALT is a commonly used measure of liver health on routine veterinary blood chemistry panels. As such, your veterinarian may want to watch for changes in Emma's ALT activity above their current, healthy, ALT activity. As an increase above Emma’s baseline ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Factor VII Deficiency

Identified in Beagles

Von Willebrand Disease Type I, Type I vWD

Identified in Small Poodles

Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency

Identified in Beagles

Methemoglobinemia

Identified in Pomeranians

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, SCID

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, rcd3

Identified in Pomeranians

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd

Identified in Cocker Spaniels and Small Poodles

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1

Identified in Beagles

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

Identified in Beagles

Primary Lens Luxation

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Congenital Stationary Night Blindness

Identified in Beagles

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones

Identified in Pomeranians and Russell-type Terriers

Familial Nephropathy

Identified in Cocker Spaniels

Glycogen storage disease Type VII, Phosphofructokinase Deficiency, PFK Deficiency

Identified in Cocker Spaniels

GM2 Gangliosidosis

Identified in Small Poodles

Enamel Hypoplasia

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Neonatal Cerebellar Cortical Degeneration

Identified in Beagles

Late Onset Spinocerebellar Ataxia

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Spinocerebellar Ataxia with Myokymia and/or Seizures

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Neonatal Encephalopathy with Seizures, NEWS

Identified in Small Poodles

Acral Mutilation Syndrome

Identified in Cocker Spaniels

Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy

Identified in Boston Terriers

Exercise-Induced Collapse, EIC

Identified in Cocker Spaniels

Hypocatalasia, Acatalasemia

Identified in Beagles

Cobalamin Malabsorption

Identified in Beagles

Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome, CMS

Identified in Russell-type Terriers

Musladin-Lueke Syndrome, MLS

Identified in Beagles

Oculocutaneous Albinism, OCA

Identified in Pomeranians

Hereditary Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets

Identified in Pomeranians

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Identified in Beagles

Osteochondrodysplasia

Identified in Small Poodles

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Base Coat Color

Base Coat Color

Coat Color Modifiers

Coat Color Modifiers

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Emma’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace her mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that her ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

C1

Haplotype

C58

Map

C1

Emma’s Haplogroup

Congratulations, C1 is a very exotic female lineage! It is more closely associated with maternal lineages found in wolves, foxes and jackals than with other dog lineages. So it seems dogs in this group have a common male dog ancestor who, many thousands of years ago, mated with a female wolf! This is not a common lineage in any breed, though a good number of German Shepherds and Doberman Pinchers are C1. It is also found in breeds as diverse as Peruvian Inca Orchids and Pekingese; it is rarely found amongst Labrador Retrievers, Border Collies, Siberian Huskies, or Cocker Spaniels. Despite its fascinating origins, it is widely distributed around the globe, and even shows up frequently among Peruvian village dogs. It almost certainly survived at low frequency in Europe for millennia and then was dispersed outside of Europe by colonialism, though not as successfully as some other lineages.

C58

Emma’s Haplotype

Part of the C1 haplogroup, the C58 haplotype occurs most commonly in American Pit Bull Terriers.

The C1 maternal line is commonly found in Jackals.

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The Paternal Haplotype reveals a dog’s deep ancestral lineage, stretching back thousands of years to the original domestication of dogs.

Are you looking for information on the breeds that Emma inherited from her mom and dad? Check out her breed breakdown and family tree.

Paternal Haplotype is determined by looking at a dog’s Y-chromosome—but not all dogs have Y-chromosomes!

Why can’t we show Paternal Haplotype results for female dogs?

All dogs have two sex chromosomes. Female dogs have two X-chromosomes (XX) and male dogs have one X-chromosome and one Y-chromosome (XY). When having offspring, female (XX) dogs always pass an X-chromosome to their puppy. Male (XY) dogs can pass either an X or a Y-chromosome—if the puppy receives an X-chromosome from its father then it will be a female (XX) puppy and if it receives a Y-chromosome then it will be a male (XY) puppy. As you can see, Y-chromosomes are passed down from a male dog only to its male offspring.

Since Emma is a female (XX) dog, she has no Y-chromosome for us to analyze and determine a paternal haplotype.

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