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Cornelius

Mixed Ancestry

  • Cornelius, a Pug and Chihuahua mix tested with EmbarkVet.com Cornelius, a Pug and Chihuahua mix tested with EmbarkVet.com
    First night at home

“Cornelius was born in April 2019, adopted at 10 weeks old and 5 lbs. His favorite toys are a stuffed dragon and some squeaky french fries. He is very good at riding along in a bag. He loves to work for treats and is very well behaved when travelling, but at home he can be a little devil who is tempted to bite toes. He enjoys basking in the sun, finding sticks, and playing fetch.”

Place of Birth

Bakersfield, California, USA

Current Location

Costa Mesa, California, USA

From

Bark n' Bitches, North Fairfax Avenue, Los Angeles, CA, USA

This dog has been viewed and been given 37 wags

Genetic Breed Result

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Embark Supermutt analysis

What’s in that Supermutt? There may be small amounts of DNA from these distant ancestors:

Pug

The Pug is a breed of dog with a wrinkly, short-muzzled face and curled tail. Pugs are known for being sociable and gentle companion dogs.

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Chihuahua

Chihuahuas have a huge personality that defies their tiny frame, known to be highly active and intelligent canines.

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Dachshund

The Dachshund, meaning “badger dog” in German, is a lively breed with a friendly personality and a great sense of smell. Known for their long and low bodies, they are spirited hunters that excel in both above and below-ground work. They come in three different coat varieties (smooth, wirehaired or longhaired) and can be miniature or standard size.

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Poodle (Small)

A highly intelligent and playful dog, Miniature and Toy Poodles make for great lap dogs and companions.

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Dogs Like Cornelius

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Discover dogs who share a similar breed mix to Cornelius. A higher score means the two dogs have more of their breed mix in common. A score of 100% means they share the exact same breed mix!

Click or tap on a pic to learn more about each dog and see an in-depth comparison of their DNA, breeds, and more.

DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
Pug
Chihuahua
Dachshund
Poodle (Small)
Supermutt

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Changes to this dog’s profile
  • On 7/30/2019 changed handle from "cornelius4" to "cococornelius"
Here’s what Cornelius’s family tree may have looked like.
Cornelius
Family Tree From Embark PARENTS GRANDPARENTS GREAT GRANDPARENTS Chihuahua mix Pug mix Chihuahua Mixed Pug Dachshund / Poodle (Small) mix Chihuahua Chihuahua Mixed Mixed Pug Pug Dachshund mix Poodle (Small) mix
While there may be other possible configurations of his family’s relationships, this is the most likely family tree to explain Cornelius’s breed mix.

Breed Reveal Video

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Health Summary

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Cornelius is at increased risk for one genetic health condition.

And inherited three variants that you should learn more about.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)

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Cornelius inherited one copy of the variant we tested

How to interpret this result

Cornelius has one copy of an FGF4 retrogene on chromosome 12. In some breeds such as Beagles, Cocker Spaniels, and Dachshunds (among others) this variant is found in nearly all dogs. While those breeds are known to have an elevated risk of IVDD, many dogs in those breeds never develop IVDD. For mixed breed dogs and purebreds of other breeds where this variant is not as common, risk for Type I IVDD is greater for individuals with this variant than for similar dogs.

What is Intervertebral Disc Disease (Type I)?

Type I Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is a back/spine issue that refers to a health condition affecting the discs that act as cushions between vertebrae. With Type I IVDD, affected dogs can have a disc event where it ruptures or herniates towards the spinal cord. This pressure on the spinal cord causes neurologic signs which can range from a wobbly gait to impairment of movement. Chondrodystrophy (CDDY) refers to the relative proportion between a dog’s legs and body, wherein the legs are shorter and the body longer. There are multiple different variants that can cause a markedly chondrodystrophic appearance as observed in Dachshunds and Corgis. However, this particular variant is the only one known to also increase the risk for IVDD.

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM

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Cornelius inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Cornelius’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Cornelius is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because he only has one copy of the variant.

What is Degenerative Myelopathy, DM?

The dog equivalent of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, or Lou Gehrig’s disease, DM is a progressive degenerative disorder of the spinal cord. Because the nerves that control the hind limbs are the first to degenerate, the most common clinical signs are back muscle wasting and gait abnormalities.

Dilated Cardiomyopathy, DCM1

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Cornelius inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

Our research indicates that this genetic variant is not likely to increase the risk that Cornelius will develop this disease.

Scientific Basis

Dogs with similar breeds to Cornelius are not likely to have increased risk of developing the disease. Research has indicated increased risk in other breeds that are not found in Cornelius.

What is Dilated Cardiomyopathy, DCM1?

DCM is the most common acquired heart disease of adult dogs. The heart has two heavily muscled ventricles that pump blood away from the heart. This disease causes progressive weakening of the ventricles by reducing the muscle mass, which causes the ventricles to dilate. Dilated ventricles do not contract and circulate oxygenated blood well, which eventually leads to heart failure.

ALT Activity

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Cornelius inherited both copies of the variant we tested

Why is this important to your vet?

Cornelius has two copies of a variant in the GPT gene and is likely to have a lower than average baseline ALT activity. ALT is a commonly used measure of liver health on routine veterinary blood chemistry panels. As such, your veterinarian may want to watch for changes in Cornelius's ALT activity above their current, healthy, ALT activity. As an increase above Cornelius’s baseline ALT activity could be evidence of liver damage, even if it is within normal limits by standard ALT reference ranges.

What is ALT Activity?

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a clinical tool that can be used by veterinarians to better monitor liver health. This result is not associated with liver disease. ALT is one of several values veterinarians measure on routine blood work to evaluate the liver. It is a naturally occurring enzyme located in liver cells that helps break down protein. When the liver is damaged or inflamed, ALT is released into the bloodstream.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Von Willebrand Disease Type I, Type I vWD

Identified in Small Poodles

May-Hegglin Anomaly

Identified in Pugs

Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency

Identified in Pugs

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd

Identified in Chihuahuas and Small Poodles

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1

Identified in Chihuahuas and Dachshunds

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IIIA, Sanfilippo Syndrome Type A, MPS IIIA

Identified in Dachshunds

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 1, NCL 1

Identified in Dachshunds

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 2, NCL 2

Identified in Dachshunds

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 7, NCL 7

Identified in Chihuahuas

GM2 Gangliosidosis

Identified in Small Poodles

Spinocerebellar Ataxia with Myokymia and/or Seizures

Identified in Chihuahuas

Neonatal Encephalopathy with Seizures, NEWS

Identified in Small Poodles

Narcolepsy

Identified in Dachshunds

Osteogenesis Imperfecta

Identified in Dachshunds

Osteochondrodysplasia

Identified in Small Poodles

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Base Coat Color

Base Coat Color

Coat Color Modifiers

Coat Color Modifiers

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

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Through Cornelius’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace his mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1d

Haplotype

A325

Map

A1d

Cornelius’s Haplogroup

This female lineage can be traced back about 15,000 years to some of the original Central Asian wolves that were domesticated into modern dogs. The early females that represent this lineage were likely taken into Eurasia, where they spread rapidly. As a result, many modern breed and village dogs from the Americas, Africa, through Asia and down into Oceania belong to this group! This widespread lineage is not limited to a select few breeds, but the majority of Rottweilers, Afghan Hounds and Wirehaired Pointing Griffons belong to it. It is also the most common female lineage among Papillons, Samoyeds and Jack Russell Terriers. Considering its occurrence in breeds as diverse as Afghan Hounds and Samoyeds, some of this is likely ancient variation. But because of its presence in many modern European breeds, much of its diversity likely can be attributed to much more recent breeding.

A325

Cornelius’s Haplotype

Part of the large A1d haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most commonly in Pekingese and Maltese.

The vast majority of Rottweilers have the A1d haplogroup.

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Through Cornelius’s Y-chromosome we can trace his father’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1a

Haplotype

H1a.46

Map

A1a

Cornelius’s Haplogroup

Some of the wolves that became the original dogs in Central Asia around 15,000 years ago came from this long and distinguished line of male dogs. After domestication, they followed their humans from Asia to Europe and then didn't stop there. They took root in Europe, eventually becoming the dogs that founded the Vizsla breed 1,000 years ago. The Vizsla is a Central European hunting dog, and all male Vizslas descend from this line. During the Age of Exploration, like their owners, these pooches went by the philosophy, "Have sail, will travel!" From the windy plains of Patagonia to the snug and homey towns of the American Midwest, the beaches of a Pacific paradise, and the broad expanse of the Australian outback, these dogs followed their masters to the outposts of empires. Whether through good fortune or superior genetics, dogs from the A1a lineage traveled the globe and took root across the world. Now you find village dogs from this line frolicking on Polynesian beaches, hanging out in villages across the Americas, and scavenging throughout Old World settlements. You can also find this "prince of patrilineages" in breeds as different as German Shepherds, Golden Retrievers, Pugs, Border Collies, Scottish Terriers, and Irish Wolfhounds. No male wolf line has been as successful as the A1a line!

H1a.46

Cornelius’s Haplotype

Part of the A1a haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in mixed breed dogs.

Dogs with A1a lineage travelled during European Colonial times.

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