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Buddy

Mixed Ancestry

“He is mixed breed. He was rescued from a high kill shelter in Georgia. He is very loving and a certified therapy dog (and good canine citizen) who visits patients in Assisted Living Centers. He is very gentle with our smaller dog and cat, but cautious around dogs he doesn't know. Aside from our cat he never met a cat he doesn't like. He also loves the Geese behind our house. Funny thing he does is bark at the t.v. (dogs and zombies usually).”

Place of Birth

Georgia, USA

Current Location

New Jersey, USA

From

Toccoa City Animal Control, Scenic Drive, Toccoa, Stephens, GA, USA

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Genetic Breed Result

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Embark Supermutt analysis

What’s in that Supermutt? There may be small amounts of DNA from these distant ancestors:

American Pit Bull Terrier

The American Pit Bull Terrier originated in the British Isles and descends from the Mastiff-type dogs introduced to England in antiquity. The breed was brought over to the United States by English immigrants in the 1800s, and quickly became one of the most popular and widespread breeds there.

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Miniature/MAS-type Australian Shepherd

Miniature American Shepherds (also known as Miniature Australian Shepherds, or Mini Aussies) have the trainability, intelligence and energy of the larger Aussie cousins, and excel at outdoors activities and agility competitions.

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Boxer

Developed in Germany, the Boxer is a popular family dog: patient, loyal and smart-requiring lots of exercise and proper training. For active families or owners looking for a rambunctious jogging buddy, Boxers may be the perfect breed. Boxers delight their humans with their sense of humor and affectionate nature.

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Border Collie

Border Collies are highly energetic and work-oriented herding dogs, whose stamina is matched by their intelligence and alertness. While they excel at the herding they were bred for, many Border Collies also enjoy flyball, obedience, and other canine sports. As long as they have a job to do and are physically and mentally stimulated, Border Collies can make excellent companions for the right owners.

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American Bulldog

American bulldogs are enjoying a healthy increase in popularity, either as a working/protector dog or as a family pet. All over the world, they are used variously as "hog dogs" (catching escaped pigs or hunting razorbacks), as cattle drovers and as working or sport K-9s. American Bulldogs also successfully compete in several dog sports such as dog obedience, Iron Dog competition and weight pulling.

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Labrador Retriever

The Labrador Retriever was bred for hunting and excelled in retrieving game after it was shot down. Known for its gentle disposition and loyalty, the Labrador Retriever has become a favorite of families and breeders alike.

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Dogs Like Buddy

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Discover dogs who share a similar breed mix to Buddy. A higher score means the two dogs have more of their breed mix in common. A score of 100% means they share the exact same breed mix!

Click or tap on a pic to learn more about each dog and see an in-depth comparison of their DNA, breeds, and more.

DNA Breed Origins

Breed colors:
American Pit Bull Terrier
Miniature/MAS-type Australian Shepherd
Boxer
Border Collie
American Bulldog
Labrador Retriever
Supermutt

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Here’s what Buddy’s family tree may have looked like.
Buddy
Family Tree From Embark PARENTS GRANDPARENTS GREAT GRANDPARENTS American Pit Bull Terrier mix Mixed American Pit Bull Terrier Boxer / American Bulldog mix Miniature/ MAS-type Australian Shepherd / Border Collie Labrador Retriever mix American Pit Bull Terrier American Pit Bull Terrier Boxer American Bulldog mix Miniature/ MAS-type Australian Shepherd Border Collie Labrador Retriever mix Mixed
While there may be other possible configurations of his family’s relationships, this is the most likely family tree to explain Buddy’s breed mix.
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Health Summary

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Buddy inherited two variants that you should learn more about.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd

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Buddy inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Buddy’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Buddy is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because he only has one copy of the variant.

What is Progressive Retinal Atrophy, prcd?

PRA-prcd is a retinal disease that causes progressive, non-painful vision loss. The retina contains cells, called photoreceptors, that collect information about light and send signals to the brain. There are two types of photoreceptors: rods, for night vision and movement, and cones, for day vision and color. This type of PRA leads to early loss of rod cells, leading to night blindness before day blindness.

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM

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Buddy inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Buddy’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Buddy is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because he only has one copy of the variant.

What is Degenerative Myelopathy, DM?

The dog equivalent of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, or Lou Gehrig’s disease, DM is a progressive degenerative disorder of the spinal cord. Because the nerves that control the hind limbs are the first to degenerate, the most common clinical signs are back muscle wasting and gait abnormalities.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Multiple Drug Sensitivity

Identified in Border Collies and Miniature/MAS-type Australian Shepherds

Hemophilia A

Identified in Boxers

Canine Elliptocytosis

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Trapped Neutrophil Syndrome, TNS

Identified in Border Collies

Golden Retriever Progressive Retinal Atrophy 2, GR-PRA2

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd1

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd2

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Collie Eye Anomaly

Identified in Border Collies and Miniature/MAS-type Australian Shepherds

Day Blindness

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Canine Multifocal Retinopathy, cmr1

Identified in American Bulldogs and Miniature/MAS-type Australian Shepherds

Hereditary Cataracts

Identified in Miniature/MAS-type Australian Shepherds

Primary Lens Luxation

Identified in Border Collies

Macular Corneal Dystrophy, MCD

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers, American Bulldogs, and more

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, Cerebellar Ataxia, NCL4A

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 5, NCL 5

Identified in Border Collies

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 6, NCL 6

Identified in Miniature/MAS-type Australian Shepherds

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 8, NCL 8

Identified in Miniature/MAS-type Australian Shepherds

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis 10, NCL 10

Identified in American Bulldogs

Alexander Disease

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

L-2-Hydroxyglutaricaciduria, L2HGA

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers

Narcolepsy

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Centronuclear Myopathy, CNM

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Exercise-Induced Collapse, EIC

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Myotonia Congenita

Identified in Border Collies

X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Cobalamin Malabsorption

Identified in Border Collies

Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome, CMS

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Ichthyosis

Identified in American Bulldogs

Hereditary Nasal Parakeratosis, HNPK

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Skeletal Dysplasia 2, SD2

Identified in Labrador Retrievers

Craniomandibular Osteopathy, CMO

Identified in Miniature/MAS-type Australian Shepherds

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

Explore the genetics behind your dog’s appearance and size.

Base Coat Color

Base Coat Color

Coat Color Modifiers

Coat Color Modifiers

Other Coat Traits

Other Coat Traits

Other Body Features

Other Body Features

Body Size

Body Size

Performance

Performance

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Through Buddy’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace his mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1a

Haplotype

A388

Map

A1a

Buddy’s Haplogroup

A1a is the most common maternal lineage among Western dogs. This lineage traveled from the site of dog domestication in Central Asia to Europe along with an early dog expansion perhaps 10,000 years ago. It hung around in European village dogs for many millennia. Then, about 300 years ago, some of the prized females in the line were chosen as the founding dogs for several dog breeds. That set in motion a huge expansion of this lineage. It's now the maternal lineage of the overwhelming majority of Mastiffs, Labrador Retrievers and Gordon Setters. About half of Boxers and less than half of Shar-Pei dogs descend from the A1a line. It is also common across the world among village dogs, a legacy of European colonialism.

A388

Buddy’s Haplotype

Part of the large A1a haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in Staffordshire Terriers, Labrador Retrievers, and English Bulldogs.

Shar Pei dogs think A1a is the coolest!

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Through Buddy’s Y-chromosome we can trace his father’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A1

Haplotype

Ha.1

Map

A1

Buddy’s Haplogroup

A1 is the male lineage in several breeds that aren't very closely related to each other. Gordon Setters, Newfoundlands, and Miniature Schnauzers all had male founders from this paternal line, and now many males in those breeds carry their Y chromosome. Each of these breeds started in the past 200-300 years, and their founders must have included dogs that trace back to the same male ancestors deeper in dog evolutionary time, stretching all the way back to when dogs were first domesticated in Central Asia about 15,000 years ago. Unlike many Y chromosome (male) lineages found in European and recent American breeds, only one village dog (in Alaska) carries an A1 Y chromosome, indicating that the breeds from this lineage probably didn't travel around the world with European colonization as much as some other breeds.

Ha.1

Buddy’s Haplotype

The lone member of the A1 haplogroup, this haplotype occurs in Newfoundlands, Miniature Schnauzers, Gordon Setters, and village dogs in Alaska.

The Newfoundland is from the A1 paternal line.

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