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Archie

American Pit Bull Terrier

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Place of Birth

Crystal Springs, MS, USA

Current Location

Hammonton, New Jersey, USA

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Genetic Breed Result

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American Pit Bull Terrier

The American Pit Bull Terrier originated in the British Isles and descends from the Mastiff-type dogs introduced to England in antiquity. The breed was brought over to the United States by English immigrants in the 1800s, and quickly became one of the most popular and widespread breeds there.

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Health Summary

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Archie inherited three variants that you should learn more about.

Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones

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Archie inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Archie’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Archie is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because he only has one copy of the variant.

What is Urate Kidney & Bladder Stones?

This condition causes kidney and bladder stones composed of urate. In most dogs, uric acid is converted to allantoin, an inert substance that is then excreted in the urine. Dogs with HUU have defects in the pathway that converts uric acid to allantoin. As such, uric acid builds up, crystallizes and forms urate stones in the kidney and bladder. Uric acid is an intermediate of purine metabolism. While hyperuricemia in other species (including humans) can lead to painful conditions such as gout, dogs do not develop systemic signs of hyperuricemia.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1

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Archie inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Archie’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Archie is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because he only has one copy of the variant.

What is Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd4/cord1?

PRA-CRD4/cord1 is a retinal disease that causes progressive, non-painful vision loss over a 1-2 year period. The retina contains cells, called photoreceptors, that collect information about light and send signals to the brain. There are two types of photoreceptors: rods, for night vision and movement, and cones, for day vision and color. This type of PRA leads to early loss of cone cells, causing day blindness before night blindness.

Degenerative Myelopathy, DM

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Archie inherited one copy of the variant we tested

What does this result mean?

This variant should not impact Archie’s health. This variant is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that a dog needs two copies of the variant to show signs of this condition. Archie is unlikely to develop this condition due to this variant because he only has one copy of the variant.

What is Degenerative Myelopathy, DM?

The dog equivalent of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, or Lou Gehrig’s disease, DM is a progressive degenerative disorder of the spinal cord. Because the nerves that control the hind limbs are the first to degenerate, the most common clinical signs are back muscle wasting and gait abnormalities.

Breed-Relevant Genetic Conditions

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Progressive Retinal Atrophy, crd1

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers

Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, Cerebellar Ataxia, NCL4A

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers

L-2-Hydroxyglutaricaciduria, L2HGA

Identified in American Pit Bull Terriers

Additional Genetic Conditions

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Traits

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Base Coat Color

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Through Archie’s mitochondrial DNA we can trace his mother’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

B1

Haplotype

B81/84

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B1

Archie’s Haplogroup

B1 is the second most common maternal lineage in breeds of European or American origin. It is the female line of the majority of Golden Retrievers, Basset Hounds, and Shih Tzus, and about half of Beagles, Pekingese and Toy Poodles. This lineage is also somewhat common among village dogs that carry distinct ancestry from these breeds. We know this is a result of B1 dogs being common amongst the European dogs that their conquering owners brought around the world, because nowhere on earth is it a very common lineage in village dogs. It even enables us to trace the path of (human) colonization: Because most Bichons are B1 and Bichons are popular in Spanish culture, B1 is now fairly common among village dogs in Latin America.

B81/84

Archie’s Haplotype

Part of the B1 haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in Golden Retrievers, Poodles, Yorkshire Terriers, Chihuahuas, and Beagles.

The B1 haplogroup can be found in village dogs like the Peruvian Village Dog, pictured above.

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Through Archie’s Y-chromosome we can trace his father’s ancestry back to where dogs and people first became friends. This map helps you visualize the routes that his ancestors took to your home. Their story is described below the map.

Haplogroup

A2b

Haplotype

Hc.14

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A2b

Archie’s Haplogroup

A2b appears to have split a few times in succession, which means that some of the Central Asian male ancestors of this lineage went their separate ways before their respective Y chromosomes made their rounds. There is not much diversity in this lineage, meaning that it has only begun to take off recently. Two iconic breeds, the Dachshund and Bloodhound, represent this lineage well. Over half of Rottweilers are A2b, as are the majority of Labrador Retrievers and Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. While A2a is restricted mostly to East Asia, this paternal line is also found among European breeds.

Hc.14

Archie’s Haplotype

Part of the A2b haplogroup, this haplotype occurs most frequently in mixed breed dogs.

A2b is found in the Daschund breed.

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